1.1.1 The market a) Mass markets and niche markets: o characteristics o market size and market share o brands b) Dynamic markets: o online retailing o how markets change o innovation and market growth o adapting to change c) How competition affects the market d) The difference between risk and uncertainty 1.1.2 Market research a) Product and market orientation b) Primary and secondary market research data (quantitative and qualitative) used to: o identify and anticipate customer needs and wants o quantify likely demand o gain insight into consumer behaviour c) Limitations of market research, sample size and bias d) Use of ICT to support market research: o websites o social networking o databases e) Market segmentation 1.1.3 Market positioning a) Market mapping b) Competitive advantage of a product or service c) The purpose of product differentiation

1.3.1 Product/service design a) Design mix: o function o aesthetics o cost b) Changes in the elements of the design mix to reflect social trends: o concern over resource depletion: designing for waste minimisation, re-use and recycling o ethical sourcing 1.3.2 Branding and promotion a) Types of promotion b) Types of branding c) The benefits of strong branding: o added value o ability to charge premium prices o reduced price elasticity of demand d) Ways to build a brand o unique selling points (USPs)/differentiation o advertising o sponsorship o the use of social media e) Changes in branding and promotion to reflect social trends: o viral marketing o social media o emotional branding 1.3.3 Pricing strategies a) Types of pricing strategy: o cost plus (calculating mark-up on unit cost) o price skimming o penetration o predatory o competitive o psychological b) Factors that determine the most appropriate pricing strategy for a particular situation: o number of USPs/amount of differentiation o price elasticity of demand o level of competition in the business environment o strength of brand o stage in the product life cycle o costs and the need to make a profit c) Changes in pricing to reflect social trends: o online sales o price comparison sites 1.3.4 Distribution a) Distribution channels b) Changes in distribution to reflect social trends: o online distribution o changing from product to service 1.3.5 Marketing strategy a) The product life cycle b) Extension strategies: o product o promotion c) Boston Matrix and the product portfolio d) Marketing strategies appropriate for different types of market: o mass markets o niche markets o business to business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C) marketing e) Consumer behaviour – how businesses develop customer loyalty

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE) 1.5.2 The importance and growth of multinationals: • benefits of a business becoming a multinational • benefits to a country and/or economy where a multinational company is located • possible drawbacks to a country and/or economy where a multinational is located. This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet Written by Sarah Hilton by Revisionstation

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.2.2 Characteristics relating to size 1.2.2 Characteristics relating to size: • concepts of risk, ownership and limited liability • public corporations – reasons for and against public ownership • ownership, control, sources of finance, use of profits, stakeholders and shareholders • appropriateness of different forms of ownership. This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet. Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Investment Appraisal (IA) It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course. This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation

This lesson covers: Organic growth Increasing output, gaining new customers, developing new products, increasing market share External growth Mergers, takeovers – including horizontal and vertical, diversification This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson covers: To be able to discuss the purpose of marketing within business The purpose of marketing within business The importance to a business of identifying and understanding its customers, informing customers, increasing sales This complete lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson covers: Different production processes and their impact on business Job, batch, flow The influence of technology on production and the impact on business Automation, computers and robotics This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: The impact of changes in the political and legal environment on strategic and functional decision making: The political and legal environment should include a broad understanding of the scope and effects of law related to competition, the labour market and environmental legislation The impact of government policy related to enterprise, the role of regulators, infrastructure, the environment and international trade This was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0 This lesson covers: The value of setting financial objectives to include: The concept of a return on investment Revenue, costs and profit objectives Cash flow objectives The distinction between cash flow and profit The distinction between gross profit, operating profit and profit for the year This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Competition and market size Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 2.5.1 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURES (COMPLETE LESSON) 251 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: Different organisational structures and when each are appropriate: Hierarchical and flat Centralised and decentralised The importance of effective communication: The impact of insufficient or excessive communication on efficiency and motivation Barriers to effective communication Different ways of working: Part time, full time and flexible hours Permanent, temporary, and freelance contracts The impact of technology on ways of working: efficiency remote working Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 2.2.1 PRODUCT (COMPLETE LESSON) 221 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: The design mix: Function, aesthetics, cost The product life cycle: The phases of the product life cycle Extension strategies The importance to a business of differentiating a product/service Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 2.2.4 PLACE (COMPLETE LESSON) 224 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: Place: Methods of distribution: retailers and e-tailers (e-commerce) Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson covers: the interdependent nature of business operations, finance, marketing and human resources within a business context how these interdependencies underpin business decision-making the impact of risk and reward on business activity the use of financial information in measuring and understanding business performance and decision-making This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: a) Strong and weak cultures b) Classification of company cultures: o power o role o task o person c) How corporate culture is formed d) Difficulties in changing an established culture Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 1.1.2 RISK AND REWARD (COMPLETE LESSON) 112 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: The role of business enterprise and the purpose of business activity: •To produce goods or services •To meet customer needs •To add value: convenience, branding, quality, design, unique selling points The role of entrepreneurship: •An entrepreneur: organises resources, makes business decisions, takes risks Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 1.2.3 MARKET SEGMENTATION (COMPLETE LESSON) 123 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: How businesses use market segmentation to target customers: ● identifying market segments: location, demographics, lifestyle, income, age ● market mapping to identify a gap in the market and the competition. Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation

EDEXCEL GCSE BUSINESS 1.2.1 CUSTOMER NEEDS (COMPLETE LESSON) 121 This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers: Identifying and understanding customer needs: • What customer needs are: price quality choice convenience •The importance of identifying and understanding customers: generating sales business survival Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation